For tax year 2022, you can generally contribute up to $6,000 annually if you are under the age of 50 and $7,000 if you are 50 or older—unless you’re at certain income limits, filing limitations, or contribute to another type of IRA. But if you’re wondering how much you should contribute to your Roth IRA, keep reading for more insight and expert advice.
How Much Should You Put in Your Roth IRA?
The ideal amount to contribute to a Roth IRA is $6,000 (or $7,000 if you are 50 or older) in 2022, or up to the contribution limits of your income. Chloe Elise, CEO, founder, and financial coach at Deeper Than Money, told The Balance over email that she recommends maxing out your Roth IRA whenever possible, and it’s essential to do so early in your career. Contributing early serves several purposes. Your contributions and earnings have time to grow and recover from the market’s inevitable downturns. If your income increases beyond a certain threshold as your career advances, the amount you can contribute to Roth decreases. Eventually, you may not be able to contribute at all. When you pull out your contributions and earnings at retirement, you have a larger pool of money that you won’t pay taxes on. “It is a great tool, especially for someone who is younger and in a lower tax bracket than they expect to be in retirement,” Elise said. The financial services company Fidelity suggests saving 15% of your annual income for future retirement, although that percentage is based upon starting at age 25 and other variables. If you’re starting later, you may need to save more. It’s estimated that every decade of delay in investing can triple the amount needed to reach a financial goal.
Saving in a Roth IRA Without Much Money
Maxing out your annual contributions is difficult if you’re on a tight budget. So Elise suggests creating an automatic contribution of as little as $50 per month. While small, it’s a start and a good habit to build. “Setting up your Roth IRA and becoming familiar with how to invest is sometimes the biggest challenge,” Elise said. Look at your monthly budget, and make room for a Roth IRA contribution as a fixed cost like rent or a car insurance payment. Again, even if it’s only a small amount, prioritizing that contribution will pay off as compounding comes into play. “The amount should be whatever can fit in the budget and can be increased over time,” Mike Hunsberger, a chartered financial consultant and owner of Next Mission Financial Planning, LLC, told The Balance over email. So your initial contributions of $50 per month can increase as your salary grows—until your income hits the Roth contribution ceiling.
Should You Max Out Your Roth IRA Contributions?
If you can afford to max out your Roth IRA contributions, your efforts pay off down the road. According to Hunsberger, maxing out is 100% worth it, especially if you’re in a tax bracket now lower than one you might be in when retired. Elise agrees, thanks to the tax savings that come with a Roth IRA. “Usually when people are asked if they think taxes will be lower or higher in retirement, their guess is higher," Elise said. “This makes it a no-brainer to take advantage of a lower tax bracket today by utilizing a Roth IRA and letting it grow tax-free in the future.”
Should You Prioritize a Roth IRA Over Other Retirement Accounts?
As great as Roth IRAs are, if you have access to an employer-sponsored 401(k) with an employer contribution match, you may want to focus on contributing to that account first. “Always prioritize your employer match, first and foremost,” Elise said. “You want to get every free dollar from your employer possible.” Elise advised checking if your employer offers a Roth 401(k). If not, after putting enough in your 401(k) to get the match, she suggested maxing out your Roth IRA as long as you can because you can’t contribute after your adjusted gross income is too high.
When To Contribute to a Roth IRA
Let’s examine the timing around contributing to a Roth IRA.
Right Now
The best way to prepare for retirement is to start saving right now. The sooner you begin to save in an investment account, the longer your investment earnings will have to compound and grow. If you’re already saving, now is also a great time to evaluate if you can afford to increase your contributions. However, if you’re 50 or older, you can also make an annual catch-up contribution of up to $1,000 to a Roth IRA.
Before the Tax-Filing Deadline
If you regret not contributing to a Roth IRA last year or wish you had maxed out your contributions, you still have time to make contributions, as long as you do so by the tax filing due date, generally on April 15. Want to read more content like this? Sign up for The Balance’s newsletter for daily insights, analysis, and financial tips, all delivered straight to your inbox every morning!
